Christmas Wishes 2024

This is me winding down for Christmas. I hope the note reaches you before the big day, in which case I hope you have a good Christmas, but if you don't pick it up, then I hope you had a good Christmas. 

We've just had a couple of little bits of excitement which we could have done without. Nothing too bad for us, but unsettling. 

On Sunday (22nd) I collected Siobhan from Mallow (the neighbouring town). She had been staying down in Cork for the weekend. The bus service to Kanturk is not great on Sundays (and it's the last weekend before Christmas), so she caught the "intercity" bus which plies the route between Cork and Galway (via Limerick) and stops in Mallow. On the way home, shortly after we turned off the main road to the feeder to Kanturk, we were stopped in the road by the fire brigade. There was a young woman firefighter directing traffic onto a minor road. The sign said "incident" and it comes to something when I recognise the local firefighters (and I know the station fire officer, I even drink with him sometimes). The road we were diverted onto was very definitely "minor", literally "grass up the middle". I'm not sure I've explored that particular bohereen (bore-een, small road, track) before. We got home without incident, but I fear that someone's Christmas has been spoiled by either a road-traffic accident or a chimney fire.

And then on Monday (23rd, yesterday) we had a power cut after Sunday lunch. No power from 13:30 to 15:30. Again, no ill effects but a little unsettling. I was wondering about the possibilities of preparing food over an open fire and a camping gas ring!

Regarding "the vital spark", I had been thinking about the practicality of battery powered railway locomotives. Somebody got there first! Hitachi make them. Hitachi's idea, and mine is to use them for low-traffic lines filling the same ecological niche as diesel multiple units. I think they would work rather well, converting the infrastructure (or re-laying the tracks) would be much cheaper, safer and more resistant to bad weather than either electrified tracks or overhead cables. You could choose battery capacity on the trains and have charging points at the terminal stops and selected intermediate stations (or halts) to suit your needs. If you were really ambitious, you could also have integrated buffer storage built into the system. That would involve the novel idea of "thinking ahead" to give flexibility. Thing is, that wouldn't have to particularly expensive in the big scale of things. I think that battery-powered multiple units or railcars would be well-suited to the kind of lines which got axed under Beeching, for instance up and down the Welsh valleys. Single track working would be acceptable, and in some cases you might literally have a single train shuttling to and fro all the time. Obviously, you should have signaling, tokens etc, but colliding with yourself is something which would take some ingenuity! The track-beds or at least the routes are probably still there in many cases. I imagine that the cost of creating such routes would be a tiny fraction of the likes of HS2, could be done piecemeal and could be started and finished before a public enquiry got going.   

And to entertain you:

Here is Big Clive comparing 5 desiccants. He uses desiccants to keep his printing filament dry and had an air-frier dedicated to the task. I'm not sure you will bother with that!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rufg-Wa4Zr4

And here is a short documentary about the development of blue and then white leds. More your area than mine but still interesting.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AF8d72mA41M

And here is on of several videos of The Dragon of Shandon:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dv9_WQBUxBg

[Constructed from some personal notes 24th December 2024]

     

Luna the cat and a bloodbath

 Recently I was away from home for a short while. When I was away I received the following text. I found it again when I was clearing out the inbox on my phone. The text (or at least, the vision I imagined) is so good that I thought I would share it for posterity.

Luna is a cat.

Ok luna opened sachet tomato ketchup last night like bloodbath in kitchen!!!!

[7th October 2023 12:23]

Rendered into better English, with some punctuation. 

Ok. Luna opened a sachet of tomato ketchup last night. It was like a bloodbath in the kitchen!!!!

My mind boggled at the imagined image. I'll leave you to do the same. Fortunately our kitchen has a tiled floor.

[28th October 2023]

When you get to our age: ailments, lathes and the river

Hi Mike, Good to hear from you! Just recently, for the first time, I find myself wanting to prefix what I'm going to say with "when you get to our age..." (wygtoa). It feels strange, and is really a bit unwelcome. I hope I didn't sound like I was nagging but (wygtoa) several of my friends and acquaintances have been suffering from ailments both serious and minor and sometimes I become just a little anxious that someone is in a poor state and I don't know about it. With that said, the last thing any of us needs is someone else going "are we there yet?", or similar, particularly if you are feeling out of sorts.

Sorry to hear you've been poorly. The flu/Covid you describe sounds nasty. I understand what you say about "unable to concentrate". I've experienced that myself, though fortunately not recently. Another symptom I have experienced is a feeling of "not really being there/present". I think that fancy name for that is "dissociation". That wasn't actually unpleasant, but it isn't something I want to repeat either. On the other hand, on a couple of occasions I think I've experienced minor hallucinations - that was just weird, "dissociation PLUS strange sensations". People pay a lot of money for experiences like that! As far as I'm concerned they're welcome to them.

I particularly understand the "not being able to read" bit. There was a brief time in his later years when my Dad had a spell like that. At the time, I felt really sorry for him because it took away a genuine simple pleasure. Fortunately the effect was due to diabetes and got fixed, so it was all ok in the end. I think he was re-reading one of the Brother Caedfael (spolling?) stories the week before he died.

I'm still waiting to pick up Rivers of London again. I simply haven't been in a bookshop recently and my library haven't come up with the goods yet. I've been wondering (in general) about graphic novels. I may give one a go (maybe even a RoL one). I think they are a legitimate art-form (like comics, plays, TV etc) but maybe suited to a particular audience, so I note your comments and accept that graphic novels may not be for me. One of the things I like about RoL is the discriptive work and the backgrounds and, of course, that will likely be lost in a graphic novel. I think I'm someone who falls into the category of "I prefer listening to plays on the radio to watching movies - the pictures are better!" Talking of plays on the radio, I was speaking to Chris Freemantle over the internet yesterday and he said that he had been "...listening to a Radio Four play...". I don't think I was fully paying attention to him, or perhaps it was my dodgy hearing, because just for a fraction of a second, I thought I had heard him say "...listening to radio foreplay...". I'll leave your imagination to fill in the gaps, because that momentary misunderstanding certainly had my mind boggling.

Well done for venturing out "on foot"! It's something I don't do enough of. If I was over there, I would be tempted to offer to join you. My exercise is mostly my cycle down to town most days to pick up a newspaper and minor groceries. That, and the same trip to the Men's Shed and then the pub two nights a week. Purchasing the bicycle was one of the better things I have done since coming full time to Ireland, and it was a complete whim. 

Tomorrow, at the Shed, my task of the evening is to connect two pins inside a push-button on/off switch on a lathe. It isn't "latching" as it needs to and I think the problem was that I had misunderstood the details of the wiring (part of the problem is retrofitting cheap Chinese components to ancient British equipment, with little or no documentation for either. The lathe is a small Myford). Internet diagram to the rescue. At tea one evening I was pleased to announce: "Three bits of good news: the lathe motor runs in both directions, there hasn't been a big bang, and I'm still alive!" If the "latch" works, then all I have to do is re-route some of the wiring and thoroughly clean the lathe (it's in a terrible state). I'm sure there will be other things to do as well.    

My other exercise is walking down to the river behind my house. You couldn't really call that a proper walk, but I enjoy it, and it's so convenient. I remember telling you about it. Making the gateway was another whim. The original reasoning was simple enough, the gate gives me access to cut the back of the hedge, but the effect has been much greater. I now go down to the river several times a week (weather and inclination permitting). Regarding ground conditions: one of the effects of making the same walk regularly is that one becomes aware of changes. Topsoil where I am is clay and the underlying ground is some sort of limestone or maybe shale (my geology is a bit dodgy). It has been a wet winter, even my local standards. The ground was very squidgy, even waterlogged but is now beginning to dry out. The river itself is changing. It was surging and opaque, like milky coffee, but yesterday the surface was flat enough, and the water clear enough, for me to see the rocky bottom in places. And I saw one or two bees (good) and today I saw a pair of swallows outside my house (that's even better). I have still to go down to the river today.

I'm going to break off there. I have to pick up the newspaper and I have a couple of small purchases to make in town. Keep in touch, even if it's only to say "I feel a bit crap, but I'm still here". It saves me worrying and prevents me from being a nag. Tell me about  any future walks.

Regards,

Tom

(17th April 2023)

Redcar Coke Ovens - January 1980

I don't remember a saharan wind but I do remember the wind from another time.

In 1980 I was "doing the rounds" as a trainee engineer (Grade MM0, Middle Management Zero). It was three months here, and three months there and so on. "Here" moved about quite a bit, but in January 1980 it was the coke oven plant at Redcar. You can still find the remains of the Redcar blast furnace and coke ovens by selecting the birds' eye view on Google maps, just a little to the North West of Redcar town.

It should have been a good time (I'm perverse enough to have a soft spot for coke ovens), except that between January and April 1980 was the Steel Strike. It was not a good time. Each day started with 15 miles across the North Yorkshire Moors (which could be pleasant), then negotiating my way through a picket line and then a further mile through the sleeping works to the site. The works had been built on reclaimed salt marsh and there is nothing between it and the the North Sea but the dunes at Coatham. Fortunately it didn't really snow while I was there, but there was constantly snow on the wind. It was bitterly cold.

I can bore for 3 countries on coke ovens and blast furnaces, and I'll spare you the details. Both are strange things, like caged dragons or demons. One difference is that a blast furnace can be put to sleep and woken again. It is not a desireable thing to do, but in this case it was done for 3 whole months. Imagine waking a coke fire from the embers. Coke ovens are not like that - they cannot sleep. They can be "turned down" but if production stops then the ovens are quickly destroyed and have to be rebuilt. So, production continued on the ovens. Several times a shift an oven would discharge tens of tonnes of incandescent coke into the air. The inside of the ovens is extremely hot (up to 1400 deg C), and the outside is still hot enough to damage the soles of your boots if you stand still too long in one place. The atmosphere between workers and management was one of tension and resentment. To top it all, the ovens (which were almost new) were suffering from serious technical problems. The air stank and all the time the wind was blowing in from the sea, carrying snowflakes.

It was about then that I decided that, right or wrong, the politicians had decided that they didn't want a steel industry and that the best thing I could do was leave before everything came to a sad end.

On a brighter note, I enjoy my place down by the river. I wish I had found it years ago, but it wasn't the time. I don't expect to see kingfishers. I think the soil is wrong for them: clay rather than sand. On the other hand, I have found myself studying the water. I find the patterns formed by the eddys fascinating. They are both chaotic and predictable and they change from day to day with the state of the river. There is one place where a branch sheds little vortices and another where there is sometimes an area of turbulence like plaited hair. I'm pretty sure Da Vinci drew something like that in one of his notebooks.

On an even brighter note, Noreen and I are off for a couple of days in Bantry. Two nights in a fancy hotel. I'm looking forward to roasting myself in the sauna.

I've got another letter to write before I shut things down, so I'll end there.

Incident in O'Brien Street

Today is a day for interesting occurrences which I feel are worth noting down.

I was driving my car, waiting on O'Brien Street to turn into Earl Street (which afterwards becomes Freemount Road). A large earth mover (Volvo, 4 wheels, hinged in the middle) turned left out of Earl Street. A car on O'Brien Street moved forward and blocked my turn into Earl Street. At first I was a little annoyed, but then the driver started gesticulating wildly a the driver of the pickup truck which was just about to follow the earth mover. There was a large piece of metal, invisible to the driver, which I suppose had fallen from the earth mover. The driver and passenger of the pick-up got out, retrieved the piece of metal and moved it to the side of the road. I exchanged friendly waves with the driver of the car which had blocked my path. He had done the right thing for all of us. He only had a moment to make the decision too. 

(17th September 2022)

 The Grounded Star

I was standing outside on the drive, near the front outside tap, when something caught my eye. It was a bright light shining from the asphalt pavement. I could keep the light sparkling by walking towards it, keeping the sun over my shoulder. When I reached it, I stooped down and picked it up. It was a tiny fragment of glass, an irregular cuboid or spheroid. I am holding it between the forefinger, second finger and thumb of my left hand even as I write. It is pale green, transparent tinted glass, a remnant of the incident with the rear window of my car. When I looked on the ground nearby I could see other similar fragments, each one a little facetted shape. I had not noticed them before now except that I saw this one - barely 2 mm across. Each one is a tiny gem, a facetted jewel, a grounded star.

I thought about how this incident could be incorporated into a detective story: someone noticing a fragment of broken glass on a tarmac drive, noticing more fragments and deducing that a broken car window had been nearby. I'm going to throw the glass away and get on with my day.

(17th September 2022)

Floaters – Onward to Mars etc

Floaters – Onward to Mars etc

In an earlier exchange I convinced myself that a dirigible on Mars was simply not practical. The issue is the low atmospheric density. It is much easier to design something to float in a dense medium. You and I can swim quite easily in water, but have difficulty flying, well, I do anyway.

The reason I am in favour of gas balloons is that once they are in flight they do not need energy to maintain them there. That makes them economical. This does not rule out hot-air (or other gas) balloons or gliders but they are issues for another day.

I don’t give up easily, and I thought I would investigate the possibility of using balloons on other bodies.

Bodies I investigated briefly and rejected:

Body:            Atmospheric Density:    Composition:

Mercury        “tenuous”                        -

Mars            0.02 kg/m3                        95% CO2

Ganymede    “micro pascals”                -

Europa           “tenuous”                        -

Jupiter            90% Hydrogen.             “Hydrogen and Helium in roughly solar proportions”

All the data is sourced from Wikipedia or other basic websites because I’m lazy.

Balloons are favoured by dense atmosphere composed of gases with a high molecular weight. Low gravity helps too.

Balloons are not practical on Mercury, Mars, Europa or Ganymede because of the low atmospheric density.

Jupiter is an interesting case. The atmosphere is so deep that there will be a wide range of density. The composition being mostly hydrogen means that something relying on pure “gas buoyancy” will not work (because you can’t get less dense that Hydrogen). On the other hand, the pressures are so high that the penalty for solids is less. Jupiter needs its own special, radical approach. Jupiter is not really rejected, but it needs a completely different approach.

Venus

On the other hand, gas balloons may have real potential on Venus!

Surface Temperature:    464 deg C

Pressure:                        92 Bar

Gravity:                          8.87 m/s2, 0.904 g

Atmospheric Density:    65 kg/m3

Composition:                  96.5%

If we assume ideal gas laws apply and the Venusian atmosphere is entirely CO2, then the density of a gas is simply going to in ratio to the molecular weight of the gas relative to CO2 (the other conditions, temperature and pressure remain constant).

This gives us the following:

Density of Atmosphere:                                65 kg/m3

Lift from 1m3 of vacuum:                            65 kg

Density of H2 at same conditions (2/44)      2.95 kg/m3

Lift from 1m3 of H2 at same conditions.      62 kg

Density of He at same conditions (4/44):      5.91 kg/m3

Lift from 1m3 of He at same conditions:       59.1 kg

There you are! If my sums are mostly right, that means that the high pressure and CO2 atmosphere means that on Venus 1 m3 of enclosed Hydrogen can lift 62 kg of load.

The Venusian atmosphere contains Sulphuric Acid. I would propose manufacturing hydrogen “in situ”. Possible routes are: bringing a reactive metal like lithium with you and reacting it with sulphuric acid, or breaking down the acid with energy. Suddenly making this practical becomes a materials-science problem.

Next Steps:

I prefer “back of a beer-mat” to “back of a fag packet” but that exercise convinces me that balloons are worth investigating for Venus. Next stage would be “back of an envelope”.

Do you know anything about aerodynamics and lift? (because I don’t). Are you aware of any equations I could use in a similar way to screen glider devices for different bodies?

I think gliders will be impractical on Mercury/Europa/Ganymede because of the low atmospheric density. I think they will probably either have to move far too fast or be vast. I’d like to do the sums for Mars (just to “show it won’t work”).

On the other hand, hot-“air” balloons and gliders (or “fish”) might be really interesting for Jupiter, but I’m still working out where to start. Any suggestions?

(Original 5th June 2021)